Exam 1 Review

Chapters 1 - 4

Dave Brocker

Farmingdale State College

Mean Calculation

Sample Mean Calculation

A psychology researcher collects the following data on the number of hours five participants spent practicing a task: 3, 5, 8, 2, 7.

Question: What is the mean number of hours spent practicing?

Mean Calculation

Sample Mean Calculation

A study measures the changes in mood scores before and after an intervention. The changes in mood scores are: -4, -2, 0, 3, 5.

Question: Calculate the mean change in mood score.

Standard Deviation Calculation

Sample Standard Deviation

A psychologist measures the number of stressful events experienced by a small group of participants over a week: 2, 3, 6, 4, 5.

Question: Calculate the standard deviation of stressful events.

Standard Deviation Calculation

Sample Standard Deviation

Sample Standard Deviation Participants’ anxiety scores in a clinical trial are recorded as: 4, 7, 3, 5, 8, 6, 2.

Question: Compute the standard deviation of these anxiety scores.

Standard Deviation Calculation

Interpreting Standard Deviation in Psychology

A researcher finds that the standard deviation of reaction times in a cognitive task is 1.5 seconds. Another researcher finds a standard deviation of 0.5 seconds for a similar task.

Question: Which task shows more variability in participants’ reaction times, and what might this indicate about task difficulty?

Z-Score Calculation

Z-Score for a Single Value

In a personality study, the average score on an extraversion scale is 50, with a standard deviation of 10. One participant scores 70.

Question: What is the Z-score for this participant?

Z-Score Calculation:

Interpreting Z-Scores

A participant in a self-esteem survey has a Z-score of -1.5. The mean self-esteem score for the survey is 40, and the standard deviation is 5.

Question: Did this participant score above or below the mean, and by how many standard deviations?

Z-Score Calculation

Z-Score with Negative Value

The mean stress score of a group is 25, with a standard deviation of 4. If a participant has a stress score of 18,

Question: Calculate their Z-score and interpret its meaning in the context of stress levels.

Z-Score Calculation

Multiple Z-Scores

In a clinical assessment, the average depression score is 60, with a standard deviation of 8. Two participants have scores of 72 and 48.

Question: Calculate the Z-scores for both participants and explain what the values tell us about their relative positions in the group.